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N4Grammar, one piece at a time · Sep 24, 2026

Remember in Japanese: 覚おぼえる oboeru vs 思い出おもいだす omoidasu

English "remember" commonly maps to three Japanese expressions: 覚おぼえる is putting something into memory, 覚おぼえている is being in the state of having it, and 思い出おもいだす is bringing a memory to mind, whether or not you had forgotten it. 単語たんごを覚おぼえる (learn the words), 名前なまえを覚おぼえている (I remember the name), 名前なまえを思い出おもいだした (the name came back to me).

覚おぼえている is the ている form of 覚おぼえる, so it is not a separate verb, but it behaves like its own meaning and is worth learning as one. The most common slip is translating "I remember" as 覚おぼえます. That form usually means "I will memorize it" or "I memorize it (as a habit)," which is rarely what you meant.

覚おぼえる vs 思い出おもいだす: the basics

What does 覚おぼえる mean?

覚おぼえる (おぼえる) is the act of getting something into your head: to memorize, to learn, to pick up. It is an action with a beginning and an end.

毎日まいにち、漢字かんじを五いつつ覚おぼえます。 — I learn five kanji every day. (memorizing as a routine) 新あたらしい仕事しごとを早はやく覚おぼえたい。 — I want to learn the new job quickly. (picking up how to do it) この歌うた、すぐ覚おぼえちゃった。 — I picked up this song straight away. (casual)

The plain present 覚おぼえる / 覚おぼえます is therefore a habit or a will: "I memorize (regularly)" or "I will memorize." Which one you mean comes from context.

What does 覚おぼえている mean?

覚おぼえている is "I remember" in the sense English speakers usually mean: you are in a state of having the memory. It is the ている form of 覚おぼえる, "having memorized, and still in that state."

あの日ひのこと、よく覚おぼえている。 — I remember that day well. (the memory is available) 私わたしの名前なまえ、覚おぼえてる? — Do you remember my name? (casual) すみません、覚おぼえていません。 — Sorry, I don't remember. (polite)

This is the form to reach for when someone asks "do you remember…?" It works like other state verbs in ている; the ている form covers why.

What does 思い出おもいだす mean?

思い出おもいだす (おもいだす) is "to bring a memory to mind," whether or not you had forgotten it. 思おもい ("thought") + 出だす ("take out"): you pull the memory out.

やっと彼かれの名前なまえを思い出おもいだした。 — I finally remembered his name. (it had slipped away) この曲きょくを聞きくと、子こどもの頃ころを思い出おもいだす。 — This song reminds me of my childhood. (triggered memory, not necessarily forgotten) パスワードが思い出おもいだせない。 — I can't remember my password. (can't bring it up)

The last example is the useful one: "I can't remember" in the sense of "it won't come to me" is 思い出おもいだせない, the potential form of 思い出おもいだす.

Side by side

Expression Moment English Example
覚おぼえる Putting it in memorize, learn 単語たんごを覚おぼえる
覚おぼえている Having it available remember 名前なまえを覚おぼえている
覚おぼえていない Not in that state don't remember 昨日きのうのことは覚おぼえていない
思い出おもいだす Bringing it to mind recall, come back to you やっと思い出おもいだした
思い出おもいだせない Can't bring it up can't recall 名前なまえが思い出おもいだせない

Beyond the basics

What is the difference between 覚おぼえられない, 覚おぼえていない and 思い出おもいだせない?

All three can end up as "I can't remember" in English, but they answer different questions.

  • 覚おぼえられない — "I can't memorize it." The problem is getting it in. 漢字かんじが多おおすぎて覚おぼえられない.
  • 覚おぼえていない — "I don't remember." You are not in a remembering state now; you are reporting, not trying.
  • 思い出おもいだせない — "I can't recall it." You tried to bring it up and it will not come.

The edges overlap. Someone who says 覚おぼえていない may also fail to recall it if pushed, and someone who says 思い出おもいだせない may be reporting a memory that was never solid. Pick by what you are describing: learning, a state, or an attempt.

子こどもの頃ころのことは、あまり覚おぼえていない。 — I don't remember much from when I was little. (a report of your state) 顔かおは覚おぼえているけど、名前なまえが思い出おもいだせない。 — I remember the face, but the name won't come. (trying, and failing)

The second sentence uses both and is exactly the situation where English says "I remember his face but I can't remember his name." Japanese even has a word for that blank, ど忘わすれ, and forget in Japanese shows how ど忘わすれしました buys you time mid-conversation.

The same split works in questions. 覚おぼえていますか? asks whether the memory is there. 思い出おもいだせますか? asks whether the person can bring it up.

去年きょねんの旅行りょこうのこと、覚おぼえていますか? — Do you remember last year's trip? (is it there?) 去年きょねんの旅行りょこうで行いった店みせの名前なまえ、思い出おもいだせますか? — Can you recall the name of the shop we visited on last year's trip? (can you bring it up?)

How do you say "remind"?

The best translation depends on whether you mean recalling a memory or prompting someone to do something. For a memory, use the thing + を思い出おもいだす, with the trigger before と.

この写真しゃしんを見みると、旅行りょこうを思い出おもいだす。 — This photo reminds me of the trip. (the photo triggers it)

For a reminder about a plan, 思い出おもいださせる (to make someone recall) exists, but in daily life people usually ask for a nudge instead: 声こえをかける (give someone a nudge) or もう一度いちど言いう (say it again).

明日あしたの会議かいぎ、忘わすれそうなので、始はじまる前まえに声こえをかけてください。 — I might forget tomorrow's meeting, so please give me a shout before it starts. (asking for a reminder) 忘わすれないように、明日あしたもう一度いちど言いってください。 — So that I don't forget, please tell me again tomorrow. (asking for a reminder)

The と in 見みると is the "whenever" conditional, covered in たら, ば, と and なら.

How do you say "it reminds me of" when two things look alike?

When "reminds me of" means "resembles," Japanese switches to 〜みたい or 〜に似にている.

このラーメン、昔むかしよく行いった店みせのラーメンに味あじが似にている。 — This ramen tastes like the ramen at a place I used to visit. (a comparison)

In conversation, that is all you need. Advanced aside: in reviews and writing you may also see 〜を彷彿ほうふつとさせる (ほうふつとさせる), "to be reminiscent of." It is hard to write by hand and rare in speech.

新作しんさくアニメの映像えいぞうは、九十きゅうじゅう年代ねんだいのアニメを彷彿ほうふつとさせる。 — The new anime's visuals are reminiscent of nineties anime. (formal, a review)

How do you say "don't forget" and "remember to"?

"Remember to…" is usually said the other way round in Japanese: "don't forget to…," with 忘わすれる.

傘かさを持もっていくのを忘わすれないでね。 — Remember to take an umbrella. (literally: don't forget) 忘わすれずに連絡れんらくしてください。 — Please remember to get in touch. (polite, a little formal)

Trying to build this with 覚おぼえる sounds odd: 傘かさを覚おぼえて would mean "memorize the umbrella."

How does it sound in anime?

覚おぼえてろ! is a classic villain's parting line: "You'll remember this!" or "You haven't seen the last of me!" It is the rough command form of 覚おぼえている. 思い出おもいだした! is the other favourite, the moment a character gets a lost memory back. In casual speech, 思い出おもいだした often becomes a quick あ、思い出おもいだした, "oh, right, now I remember."

Common mistakes

Wrong → right:

  • 毎日まいにち、名前なまえを覚おぼえます → for "I remember," say 覚おぼえています
  • 昨日きのうのこと、覚おぼえない → for "I don't remember," say 覚おぼえていない. Plain 覚おぼえない means "I don't / won't memorize it," and "I can't memorize it" is 覚おぼえられない.
  • 写真しゃしんを覚おぼえる → for "remind," say 写真しゃしんを見みると思い出おもいだす
  • 傘かさを覚おぼえて → for "remember to," say 傘かさを忘わすれないで
  • 新あたらしい単語たんごを思い出おもいだす → for learning new words, say 新あたらしい単語たんごを覚おぼえる

Practice

Answers are hidden: build yours first, then open. Questions 1 to 3 are a set: the same name at three moments.

1. You are looking over a staff list before a new colleague arrives. Say "I'll memorize the new colleague's name."

Show answer

新あたらしい同僚どうりょうの名前なまえを覚おぼえます — putting it into memory is 覚おぼえる. Here the present form is a will.

2. A week later: "I remember your name."

Show answer

お名前なまえを覚おぼえています — you are in the state of having it, so 覚おぼえている.

3. A year later, it takes a moment: "Ah, I remember your name now!"

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あ、お名前なまえを思い出おもいだしました — it came back to mind, so 思い出おもいだす.

4. Say "I can't remember my password."

Show answer

パスワードが思い出おもいだせない — you tried to bring it up and could not: the potential form of 思い出おもいだす.

5. Say "I don't remember anything about that night."

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その夜よるのことは何なにも覚おぼえていない — you are not in a remembering state about it, so 覚おぼえていない.

6. Say "This song reminds me of summer."

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この曲きょくを聞きくと、夏なつを思い出おもいだす — "remind" becomes "when I hear it, I recall."

7. A friend is coming to your home tomorrow. Say casually: "Remember to bring your passport."

Show answer

パスポートを持もってきてね。忘わすれないでね — 持もってくる is "bring here" (to the speaker's place), and "remember to" is "don't forget." For a trip elsewhere you would use 持もっていく.

8. Fix: 昨日きのうの話はなし、覚おぼえますか? (You mean "Do you remember what we talked about yesterday?")

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昨日きのうの話はなし、覚おぼえていますか? — 覚おぼえますか would ask if they will memorize it.

9. You set a new password at work. Say "I can't memorize the new password; it's too long."

Show answer

新あたらしいパスワードは長ながすぎて覚おぼえられない — the problem is getting it in, so 覚おぼえられない.

覚おぼえる and 思い出おもいだす are easy to read and surprisingly hard to choose between in conversation, so say what you remember and what you forgot in a trial lesson and hear which verb fits.

FAQ

Is 覚おぼえる the same as 学まなぶ or 勉強べんきょうする? No. 勉強べんきょうする and 学まなぶ are studying or learning a subject. 覚おぼえる is getting a specific thing into memory: words, a route, a song.

Can 思い出おもいだす be used for the future? Yes: 思い出おもいだしたら教おしえて, "tell me if you remember." It refers to the moment of recalling, whenever it happens.

Is there a noun for "memory"? Two common ones. 思い出おもいで (おもいで) is a memory of a past experience, pleasant or not: 楽たのしい思い出おもいで and つらい思い出おもいで are both natural. 記憶きおく (きおく) is memory as a faculty or a record: 記憶きおくがない is "I have no memory of it."

Is 覚おぼえてる too casual for work? In a meeting or email, use 覚おぼえています. 覚おぼえてる is fine with friends and colleagues you speak casually with.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

覚える	おぼえる — to memorize, to learn
覚えられない	おぼえられない — can't memorize
思い出す	おもいだす — to bring a memory to mind
思い出せない	おもいだせない — can't recall
忘れる	わすれる — to forget
漢字	かんじ — kanji
単語	たんご — word, vocabulary item
歌	うた — song
名前	なまえ — name
顔	かお — face
曲	きょく — tune, piece of music
子どもの頃	こどものころ — childhood
写真	しゃしん — photo
旅行	りょこう — trip
会議	かいぎ — meeting
傘	かさ — umbrella
連絡	れんらく — contact, getting in touch
夜	よる — night
声をかける	こえをかける — to speak to someone, to give a reminder
似ている	にている — to resemble
思い出	おもいで — memory of a past experience
記憶	きおく — memory, recollection
勉強	べんきょう — study
学ぶ	まなぶ — to learn, to study
彷彿とさせる	ほうふつとさせる — to be reminiscent of

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. This one comes up when a student wants to say they would like to get back the grammar they once knew — the verb they need is 思い出おもいだす, and the one they reach for is 覚おぼえる.

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Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference grammars.

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