LESSON NOTES · レッスンノート

N5Lesson notes · Oct 4, 2026

Hand in Japanese: 手て (て), 上手じょうず, 手てがかかる, 手作てづくり, and 手紙てがみ

"Hand" in Japanese is 手て (て). It hides inside many common words: 上手じょうず (じょうず, "skilled", literally "upper hand"), 下手へた (へた, "unskilled"), 手伝てつだう (てつだう, "to help"), 手作てづくり (てづくり, "homemade"), and 手紙てがみ (てがみ), which means "letter", not "hand paper".

Hands do a lot of work in Japanese vocabulary. Beyond the body part, 手て shows up in words about skill, help, effort and craft, and in idioms about trouble and involvement. Once you notice it, you will see 手て everywhere. This post covers the basics, the hidden 手て in everyday words, and the most useful idioms.

How do you say "hand" in Japanese?

What does 手て mean?

手て (て) is a hand. 右手みぎて (みぎて) is the right hand and 左手ひだりて (ひだりて) the left.

手てを洗あらってね。 — Wash your hands. (casual) 手てが冷つめたい。 — My hands are cold. (casual)

How do you say "hold hands"?

手てをつなぐ (てをつなぐ) is "to hold hands".

子こどもと手てをつないで歩あるいた。 — I walked holding my child's hand. (casual)

How do you say "raise your hand"?

手てを挙あげる (てをあげる) is "to raise your hand", in class or to ask a question.

質問しつもんがある人ひとは手てを挙あげてください。 — Raise your hand if you have a question. (polite)

Where does 手て hide in everyday words?

What do 上手じょうず and 下手へた mean?

上手じょうず (じょうず), "upper hand", means skilled. 下手へた (へた), "lower hand", means unskilled. For the full set with 得意とくい and 苦手にがて, see good at and bad at in Japanese.

料理りょうりが上手じょうずだね。 — You're a good cook. (casual) 絵えが下手へたです。 — I'm bad at drawing. (polite, modest)

What does 手伝てつだう mean?

手伝てつだう (てつだう), "to lend a hand", means to help with a task. For the difference from 助たすける, see help in Japanese.

引っ越ひっこしを手伝てつだって。 — Help me move. (casual)

What do 手作てづくり and 手紙てがみ mean?

手作てづくり (てづくり) is homemade or handmade. 手紙てがみ (てがみ) is a letter: in Japanese, 紙かみ is paper, but 手紙てがみ is not "toilet paper", which is トイレットペーパー.

手作てづくりのケーキです。 — It's a homemade cake. (polite) 祖母そぼに手紙てがみを書かいた。 — I wrote a letter to my grandmother. (casual)

Word Reading Meaning
手て て hand
手てをつなぐ てをつなぐ to hold hands
上手じょうず じょうず skilled
下手へた へた unskilled
手伝てつだう てつだう to help
手作てづくり てづくり homemade
手紙てがみ てがみ letter
手てがかかる てがかかる to need a lot of care

Beyond the basics

What does 手てがかかる mean?

手てがかかる, "takes hands", means something or someone needs a lot of time and care: a small child, a difficult project.

小ちいさい子こは手てがかかる。 — Little kids take a lot of work. (casual)

What does 手てを出だす mean?

手てを出だす (てをだす), "to put out a hand", means to get involved in something, or, in a fight, to hit someone first.

株かぶに手てを出だして失敗しっぱいした。 — I dabbled in stocks and failed. (casual) 先さきに手てを出だしたのはどっち? — Who hit first? (casual)

What does 手てが離はなせない mean?

手てが離はなせない (てがはなせない), "can't take my hands off", means "I'm tied up right now".

今いま、手てが離はなせないから、あとで電話でんわする。 — I'm tied up right now, so I'll call you later. (casual)

For more idioms with body parts, see Japanese idioms.

Common mistakes

  • Thinking 手紙てがみ means paper. It means letter.
  • Saying 上手じょうず about yourself. It sounds boastful; use 得意とくい or stay modest.
  • Reading 手作てづくり as てつくり. It is てづくり.
  • Using 手伝てつだう for an emergency. Shout 助たすけて for "Help!".
  • Taking 手てを出だす literally. It often means getting involved.

Practice

Try each answer before opening it. Questions 3 and 4 are a pair: skilled versus unskilled.

1. Tell a child casually to wash their hands.

Show answer

手てを洗あらってね。 — 手てを洗あらう.

2. Say "I walked holding my child's hand."

Show answer

子こどもと手てをつないで歩あるいた。 — 手てをつなぐ.

3. Compliment a friend's cooking casually.

Show answer

料理りょうりが上手じょうずだね。 — 上手じょうず.

4. Say modestly and politely that you're bad at drawing.

Show answer

絵えが下手へたです。 — 下手へた. This is the pair to question 3.

5. Ask a friend to help you move.

Show answer

引っ越ひっこしを手伝てつだって。 — 手伝てつだう.

6. Say politely, "It's a homemade cake."

Show answer

手作てづくりのケーキです。 — 手作てづくり.

7. Say "I wrote a letter to my grandmother."

Show answer

祖母そぼに手紙てがみを書かいた。 — 手紙てがみ.

8. Say "Little kids take a lot of work."

Show answer

小ちいさい子こは手てがかかる。 — 手てがかかる.

9. You're busy. Say you'll call back later.

Show answer

今いま、手てが離はなせないから、あとで電話でんわする。 — 手てが離はなせない.

10. Fix: 手紙てがみがないから、トイレで困こまった。 (meaning toilet paper)

Show answer

トイレットペーパーがないから、トイレで困こまった。 — 手紙てがみ is a letter.

FAQ

How do you say "hand" in Japanese? 手て (て).

How do you say "hold hands"? 手てをつなぐ.

What does 上手じょうず mean? Skilled; literally "upper hand".

What does 手紙てがみ mean? A letter.

What does 手てがかかる mean? To need a lot of time and care.

How do you say "I'm tied up right now"? 今いま、手てが離はなせない.

Vocabulary from this article

Tap the block to select all of it, then copy. In Anki: File → Import, note type Basic, separator Tab — the first column becomes the front, the second the back.

手	て — hand
右手	みぎて — right hand
手をつなぐ	てをつなぐ — to hold hands
手を挙げる	てをあげる — to raise one's hand
上手	じょうず — skilled
下手	へた — unskilled
手伝う	てつだう — to help
手作り	てづくり — homemade
手紙	てがみ — letter
手がかかる	てがかかる — to need a lot of care
手を出す	てをだす — to get involved, hit first
手が離せない	てがはなせない — to be tied up

I'm Yuuki, a Japanese teacher based in Tokyo. I've taught on italki as a Top 1% teacher and watched over 1,500 anime. 手て is the kanji I use to show learners how one character hides inside dozens of words, and 手紙てがみ is always the one that gets a laugh when they realize it is not paper. For practice with feedback, Book a trial lesson · $13, or try the Japanese practice exercises first.

Sources: the author's own lessons and standard reference dictionaries.

More drills like the ones above, plus a timed JLPT-style mock test: Practice · N5 · Read something at this level: JLPT N5 stories with audio

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